James a



(No Model.)

- J. A. M ORRELL.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAGTURE 0F SUGAR.'

No.. 266,300. v Patented oct. 24., 1882.

tlttrrn States rear einen@ JAMES A. MORRELL, OF NEW YORK MORRELL EVAPORATOR COMPANY, OF SAME PLAGE.

, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE JAMES A.

APPARATUS FOR THE NIANUFACTURE OF SUGAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 266,300, dated October 24, 1882. application filed February 21, issn. (No model.)

To all ttllom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES A. MORRELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State ot' New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for the Manufacture ot' Sugar, ot' which the following` is a a speci lication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

ll'ly invention relates to an apparatus for making sugar from-saccharine liquids, which may also be used for condensing milk, making salt, land for other similar purposes; and the object of my improvement is to provide an apparatus for evaporating cane-juice and other saccharine substances, consisting of a vertical pipe or vessel heated externally oi; internally, or both externally and internally, by steam or heated air, and a perforated pipe or vessel through which the material is passed for the purpose ot' converting it into a spray, or converting it into small drops, before it passes through the heated pipe or vessel. I attain uthese objects by the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure lis a sectional elevation, showing a tank for containing the material to be treated, a pipe leading therefrom controlled by a valve and terminating in a rose-head or perforated or vessel and the other passing through it,

showing also an outlet for the smoke and heated air and gases from the furnace, a tank for containing the substance to be treated, a pipeand valve, a spraying ring or pipe, a pipe for drawing off the sugar, and a valve for preventing the air from entering the evaporating-pipe; and Fig. 3 is a planvicw of the spraying pipe or ring.

Similar letters referto similar parts throughout the several views.

Effortshave heretofore been made to convert cane-juice and other saceharine substances into sugar by passing them through exteriorlyheated pipes, which pipes have been heated in some cases by su perheated steam and in others by the heated air and gases proceeding from a furnace; but all ot'these with which I am acquainted haveproved to be objectionable,for the 'reason that the pipes or vessels through which the material has been passed have been so constructed that the juice or other substance in passing has rested for a greater or less period of time upon the surface or surfaces of the heated pipe or vessel, and hence have been liable to be and have been burned more or less, as a consequence of which the quality of the sugar or other resultant has been poor.

My improved method ot' evaporation is designed to and does remove these objections, as in carrying it out the material is introduced either by its own gravity or by means of a pump or other forcing mechanism, and ina continuons stream or intermittingly, into avertical pipe or vessel of the required length and diameter in the form of spray or in finelycomminuted drops or particles, through which it falls without coming in contact with the wall of the pipe, or, at least,without remainingin contact therewith sufficiently long to be injurionsly affected thereby. rlhis pipe is to he sufficiently long` to 'cause the heat passing through its walls to convert what water there is in the material into steam, which passes out through the upper end of the evaporating-pipe, while the sugar or other substance treated passes off by its own gravity through a pipe attached to the lower end ofthe evaporatingvessel.

ln construct-ing apparatus I provide a tank, A, for containing the material to be treated, to the under side of which there is attached a pipe, A, which is provided a valve, A, for regulating the ilow of the juice to the evaporating vessel or pipe, within which the pipe A terminates, that portion of it which is within said evapo ating-pipe being perforated with a series ot' very small holes for the purpose ot' comminuting thc material as it passes out of it, and causing it to fall through said evaporating-vessel in very small drops or in the form ot' spray. l have contemplated the use ot' a pump or other form of forcing mechanism for feeding the material to the evaporating-I'iipe, either in a continuous stream or intermittently, as may be found most desirable.

The evaporating-vessel above alluded to, which I pret'er to use when steam is used as the agent for heating it, is shown at B in Fig. l, it consisting ot' a long` pipe, the diameter and length of which are to be such as may be found best in practice, the requirement being that it shall be ot' such length as to cause the heat passing through it to convert all ot the water contained in the substance treated into steam before it reaches the lower end thereot'. I have found in practice that a pipe ot' from six to twelve i'eet, in length and from three to six inches in diameter gives good results when evaporating saccharine substances; but these dimensions may be varied accordingl to circumstances, as much will depend upon the degiee ot' heat contained in the steam.

To the lower end ci" the pipe or vessel B, which may he round, square, or ot' any other torni in its cross-section, there is attached a pipe, B', into which the sugar or other solid parts ot' the material treated tall, and by which they are conducted into a suit-able tank, B", the outer end of said pipe being provided with a valve, 13"', for the purpose ot' excluding air from the pipe when the apparatus is in operation.

For the purpose of aiding in carrying oft' a ny vapor that may arise from the substance while it remains in the pipe B', there may be attached to its rear end an upwardly-extending pipe, 11"", which may he carried to any desired height and its upper end let't open.

For the purpose ol'applying the heat advantageously to the pipe B, it is surrounded by a cylinder, C, the length ot' which is nearly equal to that ot' said pipe,its diameter beingsuch as to leave between it and the pipe a space, U', for the reception ot'steam, which may be superheated or not, as t'ound desirablein particular valve attached to the lowest part ot' the cylinder C.

The modification ot' the apparatus shown in Fig. 2 is designed to show how it may be constructed when it is desirable to use heated air instead ot' steam, the difference consisting in providing a larger pipe in which the evaporation is caused, as shown at D, and passing through it a ilue, D', the lower end of which communicates directly with the furnace, and in providing an annular 'lue, 1)"', which also communicates with the l'urnace and surrounds the evaporating pipe or vessel D. The method ot' introducing the material to be treated into the evaporating pipe or vessel and discharging the resultant product therefrom is the same as thatI described, the only ditt'erence heilig that the t'orm ot' the perforated portion ot' the injection-pi pe is changed l'or the purpose ot' adaptingl it t'or the passage through it ofthe llue l).

Having thus described my invention, what l claim, and desire. to secure by Letters latent, is-

The hereindescribed apparatus for evaporating saecharine and other substances, it consistingl ot' the combination otI the followingnamed elements: a vertical pipe or vessel heated by steam or hot air, a cylinder surrounding said pipe or vessel, a perforated pipe or equivalent device for spraying or comminuting the material as it passes into the evaporating pipe or vessel, a pipe for drawing oti" the resultant product, and a valve for preventing the ingress ot' air to the evaporating pipe or vessel, all substantially as and t'or the purpose set forth.

ln testimony whereof I ai'lix my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

JAMES A. MOR HELL.

titnessesz ll. B. MoanELL, H. W. VAN Gooi-I. 

